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　　PartB：

　　Directions:

　　In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.(10 points)

　　In the movies and on television, artificial intelligence is typically depicted as something sinister that will upend our way of life. When it comes to AI in business, we often hear about it in relation to automation and the impending loss of jobs, but in what ways is AI changing companies and the larger economy that don’t involve doom-and-gloom mass unemployment predictions?

　　A recent survey of manufacturing and service industries from Tata Consultancy Services found that companies currently use AI more often in computer-to-computer activities than in automating human activities. One common application? Preventing electronic security breaches, which, rather than eliminating IT jobs, actually makes those personnel more valuable to employers, because they help firms prevent hacking attempts.

　　Here are a few other ways AI is aiding companies without replacing employees:

　　Better hiring practices

　　Companies are using artificial intelligence to remove some of the unconscious bias from hiring decisions. “There are experiments that show that, naturally, the results of interviews are much more biased than what AI does,” says PédroDomingos, author of The Master Algorithm: How the Quest for the Ultimate Learning Machine Will Remake Our World and a computer science. 41_____________ One company that’s doing this is called Blendoor. It uses analytics to help identify where there may be bias in the hiring process.

　　More effective marketing

　　Some AI software can analyze and optimize marketing email subject lines to increase open rates. One company in the UK, Phrasee, claims their software can outperform humans by up to 10 percent when it comes to email open rates. This can mean millions more in revenue. 42_________. These are “tools that help people use data, not a replacement for people,” says Patrick H. Winston, a professor of artificial intelligence and computer science at MIT.

　　Saving customers money

　　Energy companies can use AI to help customers reduce their electricity bills, saving them money while helping the environment. Companies can also optimize their own energy use and cut down on the cost of electricity. Insurance companies, meanwhile, can base their premiums on AI models that more accurately access risk.43____________ says Domingos,

　　Improved accuracy

　　“Machine learning often provides a more reliable form of statistics, which makes data more valuable,” says Winston. It “helps people make smarter decisions.” 44___________

　　Protecting and maintaining infrastructure

　　A number of companies, particularly in energy and transportation, use AI image processing technology to inspect infrastructure and prevent equipment failure or leaks before they happen. “If they fail first and then you fix them, it’s very expensive,” says Domingos. 45_______

　　[A]AI replaces the boring parts of your job. If you’re doing research, you can have AI go out and look for relevant sources and information that otherwise you just wouldn’t have time for.

　　[B] One accounting firm, EY, uses an AI system that helps review contracts during an audit. This process, along with employees reviewing the contracts, is faster and more accurate.

　　[C] There are also companies like Acquisio, which analyzes advertising performance across multiple channels like Adwords, Bing and social media and makes adjustments or suggestions about where advertising funds will yield best results.

　　[D] You want to predict if something needs attention now and point to where it’s useful for employees to go to.

　　[E] Before, they might not insure the ones who felt like a high risk or charge them too much, or they would charge them too little and then it would cost [the company] money.

　　[F] We’re also giving our customers better channels versus picking up the phone to accomplish something beyond human scale.

　　[G] AI looks at résumés in greater numbers than humans would be able to, and selects the more promising candidates.

　　解析：

　　41. 基于本段小标题Better hiring practices和上文提及的“the results of interviews are much more biased than what AI does,(真人面试的结果自然要比AI面试结果存在更多偏见)”这一语境线索和下文“It uses analytics to help identify where there may be bias in the hiring process(它使用分析来帮助识别招聘过程中可能存在的偏见).”，可以判读41空与面试招聘环节使用AI有关。

　　故41题选择[G] AI looks at résumés in greater numbers than humans would be able to, and selects the more promising candidates.(41)相比人类，人工智能能够翻看更多的简历, 并选择更有前途的候选人。

　　整段句意：许多公司都在使用人工智能来消除招聘决策中的一些无意识的偏见。 “有多项实验表明, 真人面试的结果自然要比AI面试结果存在更多偏见, PédroDomingos(佩德罗·多明戈)曾这样说。他是《主算法:终极学习机的探索将如何重塑我们的世界和计算机科学》一书的作者。(41)相比人类，人工智能能够翻看更多的简历, 并选择更有前途的候选人。有一家叫做Blendoor的公司正在这样做。它使用分析来帮助识别招聘过程中可能存在的偏见。

　　42. 通过后文 “These are tools help people use data, not a replacement for people”(这些是帮助人们使用数据的工具，而不是人类的替代品)可以得知，前文内容涉及一系列帮助人们使用数据却并不会替代人类的工具。故选择[C] There are also companies like Acquisio, which analyzes advertising performance across multiple channels like Adwords, Bing and social media and makes adjustments or suggestions about where advertising funds will yield best results.

　　一些人工智能软件可以分析和优化营销邮件主题，以提高打开率。英国一家名为Phrasee的公司声称，他们的软件在邮件打开率方面比人类高出10%。这可能意味着更多的收入。42. [C]还有一些像Acquisio这样的公司，它们通过Adwords、必应和社交媒体等多种渠道分析广告表现，并就广告资金将产生最佳效果的领域做出调整或建议。这些是“帮助人们使用数据的工具，而不是人类的替代品，”麻省理工学院(MIT)人工智能和计算机科学教授帕特里克·h·温斯顿(Patrick H. Winston)说。

　　43. 基于前文提到Insurance companies(保险公司)can base their premiums on AI models that more accurately access risk.保险公司可以基于更准确地获取风险的人工智能模型来制定保费，基于语域一致原则，选择[E] Before, they might not insure the ones who felt like a high risk or charge them too much, or they would charge them too little and then it would cost [the company] money.以前，他们可能不会为那些觉得风险很高的人投保，或者向他们收取过高的费用，或者向他们收取过低的费用，这样(公司)就会赔钱。”

　　整段句意：能源公司可以使用人工智能帮助客户降低电费，在帮助环境的同时为他们省钱。企业还可以优化自身的能源使用，降低电力成本。与此同时，保险公司可以基于更准确地获取风险的人工智能模型来制定保费。[E] 以前，他们可能不会为那些觉得风险很高的人投保，或者向他们收取过高的费用，或者向他们收取过低的费用，这样(公司)就会赔钱。”Domingos说,

　　44.基于前文“makes data more valuable(使数据更有价值),”“It helps people make smarter decisions.” 它“帮助人们做出更明智的决定。”可以填入[B] One accounting firm, EY, uses an AI system that helps review contracts during an audit. This process, along with employees reviewing the contracts, is faster and more accurate.会计师事务所安永(EY)使用一种人工智能系统，在审计期间帮助审查合同。这个过程，连同雇员审查合同，速度更快和准确率更高。

　　[B] One accounting firm, EY, uses an AI system that helps review contracts during an audit. This process, along with employees reviewing the contracts, is faster and more accurate.

　　“机器学习通常提供更可靠的统计形式，这使数据更有价值，”温斯顿说。它“帮助人们做出更明智的决定。” 44 (B)会计师事务所安永(EY)使用一种人工智能系统，在审计期间帮助审查合同。这个过程，连同雇员审查合同，速度更快和准确率更高。

　　45. 基于上文语境，填入[D] You want to predict if something needs attention now and point to where it’s useful for employees to go to.你要预测现在是否关注一些一些方面，并指出哪些地方对员工有用。

　　许多公司，特别是在能源和交通领域，使用人工智能图像处理技术来检查基础设施，在设备发生故障或泄漏之前进行预防。多明戈斯说:“如果它们先失败了，然后你再修复它们，那代价非常昂贵。”(D)你要预测现在是否关注一些一些方面，并指出哪些地方对员工有用。

　　参考答案：41-45：GCEBD

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