除了前缀和词根，后缀也是构词法的重要组成部分。本篇将对考研英语中常见的后缀进行系统梳理，总结它们的不同功能，帮助你更全面地理解词汇。

例词：

名词后缀：

-tion: action (行动), acquisition (获取), collection (收集)
-ment: movement (运动), retirement (退休), development (发展)
-ness: brightness (亮度), kindness (善良), happiness (幸福)
-ary: dictionary (词典), library (图书馆), boundary (边界)
-ance/-ence: importance (重要性), difference (差异), existence (存在)
-ism: capitalism (资本主义), realism (现实主义), criticism (批评)
-logy: biology (生物学), psychology (心理学), sociology (社会学)

形容词后缀：

-able/-ible: reliable (可靠的), drinkable (可饮用的), possible (可能的)
-ous: famous (著名的), dangerous (危险的), continuous (连续的)
-ful: useful (有用的), beautiful (美丽的), hopeful (充满希望的)
-al: personal (个人的), national (国家的), cultural (文化的)
-ive: active (积极的), creative (有创造力的), effective (有效的)
-less: careless (粗心的), helpless (无助的), useless (无用的)

动词后缀：

-ize/-ise: modernize (现代化), popularize (普及), realize (认识到)
-ify: classify (分类), simplify (简化), purify (净化)
-en: widen (加宽), strengthen (加强), deepen (加深)
-ate: fascinate (使着迷), activate (激活), evaluate (评估)

副词后缀：

-ly: suddenly (突然地), absolutely (绝对地), accordingly (相应地), immediately (立刻地)
-ward(s): forward (向前), backward (向后), upwards (向上)