2024年全国硕士研究生考试在即，小编给大家整理了2023年考研英语一试题及答案解析，2024年考研的同学可再结合2023年真题试题和答案，系统梳理英语二真题的考试内容和结构，助力大家顺利考试。

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　　本文主要为大家提供考研英语二真题及答案解析（新东方版）。具体内容如下：

　　2023年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语（二）试题

　　Section I Use of English

　　Directions:

　　Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

①Here’s a common scenario that any number of entrepreneurs face today: you’re the CEO of a small business and though you’re making a nice   1  , you need to find a way to take it to the next level. ②What you need to do is   2   growth by establishing a growth team. ③A growth team is made up of members from different departments within your company, and it harnesses the power of collaboration to focus   3   on finding ways to grow.       

　　①Let’s look at a real-world 4 . ②Prior to forming a growth team, the software company BitTorrent had 50 employees working in the 5 departments of engineering, marketing and product development. ③This brought them good results until 2012, when their growth plateaued. ④The 6 was that too many customers were using the basic, free version of their product. ⑤And 7 improvements to the premium, paid version, few people were making the upgrade.

　　①Things changed, 8 , when an innovative project-marketing manager came aboard, 9 a growth team and sparked the kind of 10 perspective they needed. ②By looking at engineering issues from a marketing point of view, it became clear that the 11 of upgrades wasn’t due to a quality issue. ③Most customers were simply unaware of the premium version and what it offered.

　　①Armed with this 12 , the marketing and engineering teams joined forces to raise awareness by prominently 13 the premium version to users of the free version. ②14 , upgrades skyrocketed, and revenue increased by 92 percent.

①But in order for your growth team to succeed, it needs to a have a strong leader. ②It needs someone who can   15   the interdisciplinary team and keep them on course for improvement. ③This leader will   16   the target area, set clear goals and establish a time frame for the   17   of these goals. ①This growth leader is also   18   for keeping the team focused on moving forward and steering them clear of distractions. ②  19   attractive new ideas can be distracting, the team leader must recognize when these ideas don’t   20   the current goal and need to be put on the back burner.

　　1. [A] purchase[B]profit[C]connection[D]bet

　　2. [A]define[B]predict[C]prioritize[D]appreciate

　　3.[A]exclusively[B]temporarily[C]potentially[D]initially

　　4.[A]experiment[B]proposal[C]debate[D]example

        5. [A] identical [B] marginal [C] provisional [D] traditional

　　6.[A]rumor[B]secret[C]myth[D]problem

　　7.[A]despite[B]unlike[C]through[D]besides

　　8.[A]moreover[B]however[C]therefore[D]again

　　9.[A]inspected[B]created[C]expanded[D]reformed

　　10.[A]cultural[B]objective[C]fresh[D]personal

　　11.[A]end[B]burden[C]lack[D]decrease

　　12.[A]policy[B]suggestion[C]purpose[D]insight

       13. [A] contributing  [B] allocating   [C] promoting [D] transferring

　　14.[A]Asaresult[B]Atanyrate[C]Bytheway[D]Inasense

　　15.[A]unite[B]finance[C]follow[D]choose

　　16.[A]share[B]identify[C]divide[D]broaden

　　17.[A]announcement[B]assessment[C]adjustment[D]accomplishment

        18. [A] famous [B] responsible [C] available [D] respectable

　　19.[A]Before[B]Once[C]while[D]Unless

　　20.[A]serve[B]limit[C]summarize[D]alter

　　Section II Reading Comprehension

　　Part A

　　Directions:

　　Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)

　　Text 1

①In the quest for the perfect lawns, homeowners across the country are taking a shortcut — and it is the environment that is paying the price. ②About eight million square meters of plastic grass is sold each year but oppositions has now spread to the highest gardening circles. ③The Chelsea Flower Show has banned fake grass from this year’s event, declaiming it to be not part of its ethos. ④The Royal Horticultural Society (RHS), which runs the annual show in west London, says it has introduced the ban because of the damage plastic grass does to the environment and biodiversity. ①Ed Horne, of the RHS, said: “We launched our sustainability strategy last year and fake grass is just not in line with our ethos and views on plastic. ②We recommend using real grass because of its environment benefits, which include supporting wildlife, alleviating flooding and cooling the environment.” ①The RHS’s decision comes as campaigners try to raise awareness of the problems fake grass causes. ②A Twitter account, which claims to “cut through the greenwash” of artificial grass, already has more than 20,000 followers. ③It is trying to encourage people to sigh two petitions, one calling for a ban on the sale of plastic grass and another calling for an “ecological damage” tax on such lawns. ④They have gathered 7,276 and 11,282 signatures. ①However, supporters of fake grass point out that there is also an environmental impact with natural lawns, which need mowing and therefore usually consume electricity or petrol. ②The industry also points out that real grass require considerable amounts of water, weed killer or other treatments and that people who lay fake grass tend to use their garden more. ③The industry also claims that people who lay fake grass spend an average of £500 on trees or shrubs for their garden, which provides habitat for insects.

　　①In response to another petition last year about banning fake lawns, which gathered 30,000 signatures, the government responded that it has “no plans to ban the use of artificial grass”.

①It added: “We prefer to help people and organisations make the right choice rather than legislating on such matters. ②However, the use of artificial grass must comply with the legal and policy safeguards in place to protect biodiversity and ensure sustainable drainage, while measures such as the strengthened biodiversity duty should serve to encourage public authorities to consider sustainable alternatives.”

　　21.TheRHSthinksthatplasticgrass ________.

　　[A] is harmful to the environment

　　[B] is a hot topic in gardening circles

　　[C] is overpraised in the annual show

　　[D] is ruining the view of west London

　　22.ThepetitionsmentionedinParagraph3revealthecampaigners’ ________.

　　[A] disappointment with the RHS

　　[B] resistance to fake grass use

　　[C] anger over the proposed tax

　　[D] concern about real grass supply

　　23.InParagraph4, supportersoffakegrass pointout________.

　　[A] the necessity to lower the costs of fake grass

　　[B] the disadvantages of growing real grass

　　[C] the way to take care of artificial lawns

　　[D] the challenges of insect habitat protection

　　24. Whatwouldthegovernmentdowithregardtoartificialgrass?

[A] Urge legislation to restrict its use.

　　[B] Take measures to guarantee its quality.

　　[C] Remind its users to obey existing rules.

　　[D] Replace it with sustainable alternatives.

　　25Itcanbelearnedfromthetextthatfakegrass________.

　　[A] is being improved continuously

　　[B] has seen a market share decline

　　[C] is becoming increasingly affordable

[D] has been a controversial product

　　Text 2

①It’s easy to dismiss as absurd the federal government’s ideas for plugging the chronic funding gap of our national parks. ②Can anyone really think it’s a good idea to allow Amazon deliveries to your tent in Yosemite or food trucks to line up under the redwood trees at Sequoia National Park? ①But the government is right about one thing: U.S. national parks are in crisis. ②Collectively, they have a maintenance backlog of more than $12 billion. ③Roads, trails, restrooms, visitor centers and other infrastructure are crumbling. ①But privatizing and commercializing the campgrounds would not be a cure-all. ②Campgrounds are a tiny portion of the overall infrastructure backlog, and businesses in the parks hand over, on average, only about 5% of their revenues to the National Park Service.

　　①Moreover, increased privatization would certainly undercut one of the major reasons why 300 million visitors come to the parks each year: to enjoy nature and get a break from the commercial drumbeat that overwhelms daily life.

　　①The real problem is that the parks have been chronically starved of funding. ②An economic survey of 700 U.S. taxpayers found that people would be willing to pay a significant amount of money to make sure the parks and their programs are kept intact. ③Some 81% of respondents said they would be willing to pay additional taxes for the next 10 years to avoid any cuts to the national parks.

①The national parks provide great value to U.S. residents both as places to escape and as symbols of nature. ②On top of this, they produce value from their extensive educational programs, their positive impact on the climate through carbon sequestration, their contribution to our cultural and artistic life, and of course through tourism. ③The parks also help keep America’s past alive, working with thousands of local jurisdictions around the country to protect historical sites and to bring the stories of these places to life. ①The parks do all this on a shoestring. Congress allocates only $3 billion a year to the national park system — an amount that has been flat since 2001 (in inflation-adjusted dollars) with the exception of a onetime boost in 2009. ②Meanwhile, the number of annual visitors has increased more than 50% since 1980, and now stands at 330 million visitors per year.

　　26. What problem are U.S. national parks faced with?

　　[A] Decline of business profits.

　　[B] Inadequate commercialization.

        [C] Lack of transportation services. [D] Poorly maintained infrastructure.

　　27. Increased privatization of the campgrounds may _______.

　　[A] spoil visitor experience

　　[B] help preserve nature

　　[C] bring operational pressure

　　[D] boost visits to parks

　　28. According to Paragraph 5, most respondents in the survey would _______.

　　[A] go to national parks on a regular basis.

　　[B] advocate a bigger budget for the national parks

        [C] agree to pay extra for the national parks

　　[D] support the national parks’ recent reforms

　　29. The national parks are valuable in that they _______.

　　[A] lead the way in tourism

　　[B] have historical significance

　　[C] sponsor research on climate

　　[D] provide an income for the locals

　　30. It can be concluded from the text that the national park system _______.

　　[A] is able to cope with staff shortages

　　[B] is able to meet visitors’ demands

　　[C] is in need of a new pricing policy

　　[D] is in need of a funding increase.

　　Text 3

①The Internet may be changing merely what we remember, not our capacity to do so, suggests Columbia University psychology professor Betsy Sparrow. ②In 2011, Sparrow led a study in which participants were asked to record 40 factoids in a computer (“an ostrich’s eye is bigger than its brain,” for example). ③Half of the participants were told the information would be erased, while the other half were told it would be saved. ④Guess what? ⑤The latter group made no effort to recall the information when quizzed on it later, because they knew they could find it on their computers. ⑥In the same study, a group was asked to remember both the information and the folders it was stored in. ⑦They didn’t remember the information, but they remembered how to find the folders. ⑧In other words, human memory is not deteriorating but “adapting to new communications technology,” Sparrow says. ①In a very practical way, the Internet is becoming an external hard drive for our memories, a process known as “cognitive offloading.” ②Traditionally, this role was fulfilled by data banks, libraries, and other humans. ③Your father may never remember birthdays because your mother does, for instance. ④Some worry that this is having a destructive effect on society but Sparrow sees an upside. ⑤Perhaps, she suggests, the trend will change our approach to learning from a focus on individual facts and memorization to an emphasis on more conceptual thinking — something that is not available on the Internet. ⑥“I personally have never seen all that much intellectual value in memorizing things,” Sparrow says, adding that we haven’t lost our ability to do it.

　　①Still other experts say it’s too soon to understand how the Internet affects our brains. ②There is no experimental evidence showing that it interferes with our ability to focus, for instance, wrote psychologists Christopher Chabris and Daniel J. Simons. ③And surfing the web exercised the brain more than reading did among computer-savvy older adults in a 2008 study involving 24 participants at the Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior at the University of California, Los Angeles.

　　①“There may be costs associated with our increased reliance on the Internet, but I’d have to imagine that overall the benefits are going to outweigh those costs,” observes psychology professor Benjamin Storm. ②“It seems pretty clear that memory is changing, but is it changing for the better? ③At this point, we don’t know.”

　　31. Sparrow’s study shows that with the Internet, the human brain will _________.

　　[A] analyze information in detail

　　[B] collect information efficiently

　　[C] switch its focus of memory

　　[D] extend its memory duration

　　32. The process of “cognitive offloading” _________.

　　[A] helps us identify false information

　　[B] keeps our memory from failing

       [C] enables us to classify trivial facts

　　[D] lessens our memory burdens

　　33. Which of the following would Sparrow support about the Internet?

　　[A] It may reform our learning approach.

　　[B] It may impact our society negatively.

　　[C] It may enhance our adaptability to technology.

　　[D] It may interfere with our conceptual thinking.

　　34. It is indicated in Paragraph 3 that how the Internet affects our brains _________.

　　[A] requires further academic research

　　[B] is most studies in older adults

　　[C] is reflected in our reading speed

　　[D] depends on our web-surfing habits

　　35. Neither Sparrow nor Storm would agree that _________.

　　[A] our reliance on the Internet will be costly

　　[B] the Internet is weakening our memory

　　[C] memory exercise is a must for our brain

　　[D] our ability to focus declines with age

　　Text 4

①Teenagers are paradoxical. ②That’s a mild and detached way of saying something that parents often express with considerably stronger language. ③But the paradox is scientific as well as personal. ④In adolescence, helpless and dependent children who have relied on grown-ups for just about everything become independent people who can take care of themselves and help each other. ⑤At the same time, once cheerful and compliant children become rebellious teenage risk-takers. ①A new study published in the journal Child Development, by Eveline Crone of the University of Leiden and colleagues, suggests that the positive and negative sides of teenagers go hand in hard. ②The study is part of a new wave of thinking about adolescence. ③For a long time, scientists and policy markers concentrated on the idea that teenagers were a problem needed to be solved. ④The new work emphasizes that adolescence is a time of opportunity as well as risk. ①The researchers studied “prosocial” and rebellious traits in more than 200 child and young adults, ranging from 11 to 28 years old. ②The participants filled out questions about how often they did things that were altruistic and positive, like sacrificing their own interests to help a friend, or rebellious and negative, like getting drunk or staying out late.

　　①Other studies have shown that rebellious behavior increases as you become a teenager and then fades away as you grow older. ②But the new study shows that, interestingly, the same pattern holds for prosocial behavior. ③Teenagers were more likely than younger children or adults to report that they did things like selfishly help a friend.

　　①Most significantly, there was a positive correlation between prosociality and rebelliousness. ②The teenagers who were more rebellious were also more likely to help others. ③The good and bad sides of adolescence seem to develop together.

①Is there some common factor that underlies these apparently contradictory developments? ②One idea is that teenager behavior is related to what researchers call “reward sensitivity.” ③Decision-making always involves balancing rewards and risks, benefits and costs. ④“Reward sensitivity” measures how much reward it takes to outweigh risk.

　　①Teenagers are particularly sensitive to social rewards — winning the game, impressing a new friend, getting that boy to notice you. ②Reward sensitivity, like prosocial behavior and risk-taking, seems to go up in adolescence and then down again as we age. ③Somehow, when you hit 30, the chance that something exciting and new will happen at that party just doesn’t seem to outweigh the effort of getting up off the couch.

　　36. According to Paragraph 1, children growing into adolescence tend to _________.

       [A] develop opposite personality traits

　　[B] see the world in an unreasonable way

　　[C] have fond memories of their past

　　[D] show affection for their parents

　　37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that Crone’s study _________.

　　[A] explores teenagers’ social responsibilities

　　[B] examines teenagers’ emotional problems

　　[C] provides a new insight into adolescence

　　[D] highlights negative adolescent behavior

　　38. What does Crone’s study find about prosocial behavior?

　　[A] It results from the wish to cooperate.

　　[B] It is cultivated through education.

　　[C] It is subject to family influence.

　　[D] It tends to peak in adolescence.

　　39. It can be learned from the last two paragraphs that teenagers _________.

       [A] overstress their influence on others

　　[B] care a lot about social recognition

　　[C] become anxious about their future

　　[D] endeavor to live a joyful life

　　40. What is the text mainly about?

[A] Why teenagers are self-contradictory.

　　[B] Why teenagers are risk-sensitive.

　　[C] How teenagers develop prosociality.

　　[D] How teenagers become independent.

　　Part B

　　Directions:

Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

　　Net-zero rules set to send cost of new homes and extensions soaring

　　New building regulations aimed at improving energy efficiency are set to increase the price of new homes, as well as those of extensions and loft conversions on existing ones.

The rules, which came into effect on Wednesday in England, are part of government plans to reduce the UK’s carbon emissions to net zero by 2050. They set new standards for ventilation, energy efficiency and heating, and state that new residential buildings must have charging points for electric vehicles. The moves are the most significant change to building regulations in years, and industry experts say they will inevitably lead to higher prices at a time when a shortage of materials and high labour costs is already driving up bills.

　　Brian Berry, chief executive of the Federation of Master Builders, says the measures will require new materials, testing methods, products and systems to be installed. “All this comes at an increased cost during a time when prices are already sky high. Inevitably, consumers will have to pay more,” he says.

　　Gareth Belsham, of surveyors Naismiths, says people who are upgrading, or extending their home, will be directly affected. “The biggest changes relate to heating and insulation,” he explains. “There are new rules concerning the amount of glazing used in extensions, and any new windows or doors must be highly insulated.”

　　Windows and doors will have to adhere to higher standards, while there are new limits on the amount of glazing you can have to reduce unwanted heat from the sun.

Thomas Goodman, of MyJobQuote, says this will bring in new restrictions for extensions. “Glazing on windows, doors and rooflights must cover no more than 25% of the floor area to prevent heat loss,” he says.

　　As the rules came into effect last Wednesday, property developers were rushing to file plans just before the deadline. Any plans submitted before that date are considered to be under the previous rules, and can go ahead as long as work starts before 15 June next year.

　　Builders which have costed projects, but have not filed the paperwork, may need to go back and submit fresh estimates, says Marcus Jefford of Build Aviator.

　　Materials prices are already up 25% in the last two years. How much overall prices will increase as a result of the rule changes is not clear. “While admirable in their intentions, they will add to the cost of housebuilding at a time when many already feel that they are priced out of homeownership,” says Jonathan Rolande of the National Association of Property Buyers. “An average extension will probably see around £3,000 additional cost thanks to the new regs.”

John Kelly, a construction lawyer at Freeths law firm, believes prices will eventually come down. But not in the immediate future. “As the marketplace adapts to the new requirements, and the technologies that support them, the scaling up of these technologies will eventually bring costs down, but in the short term, we will all have to pay the price of the necessary transition,” he says. However, the long-term effects of the changes will be more comfortable and energy-efficient homes, adds Andrew Mellor, of PRP architects. “Homeowners will probably recoup that cost over time in energy bill savings. It will obviously be very volatile at the moment, but they will have that benefit over time.”

 

A. The rise of house price is a temporary matter.
41. Brian Berry
B. Builders possibly need to submit new estimates of their projects.
42. Gareth Belsham
C. There will be specific limit on home extensions to prevent heat loss.
43. Marcus Jefford
D. The new rules will take home prices to an even higher level.
44. John Kelly
E. Many people feel that home prices are already beyond what they can afford.
45. Andrew Mellor
F. The new rules will affect people whose home extensions include new windows or doors.

G. The rule changes will benefit homeowners eventually.
Section III Translation

　　46. Directions:

Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)

　　In the late 18th century, William Wordsworth became famous for his poem about nature. And he was one of the founders of a movement called Romanticism, which celebrated the wonders of natural world.

Poetry is powerful. Its energy and rhythm can capture a reader, transport them to another world and make them see things differently. Through carefully selected words and phrases, poems can be dramatic, funny, moving and inspiring. No one knows for sure when poetry began but it has been around for thousands of years, even before people could write. It was a way to tell stories and pass down history. It is closely related to song and even when written it is usually created to be performed out loud. Poems really come to life when they are recited. This can also help with understanding them too, because the rhythm and sounds of the words become clearer.

　　Section IV Writing

　　Part A

　　47. Directions:

　　An art exhibition and a robot show are to be held on Sunday, and your friend David asks you which one he should go to. Write him an email to

　　1) make a suggestion, and

　　2) give your reason(s).

　　Write your answer in about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.

　　Do not use your own name in your email; use “Li Ming” instead. (10 points)

　　Part B

　　48. Directions:

　　Write an essay based on the chart below. In your essay, you should

　　1) describe and interpret the chart, and

　　2) give your comments.

　　Write your answer in about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)

　　2012-2021 年我国居民健康素养水平

　　* 健康素养 (health literacy) 是指个人获取和理解基本健康信息和服务，并运用这些信息和服务作出正确决策，以维护和促进自身健康的能力。健康素养水平指具备基本健康素养的人在总人群（15-69 岁城乡居民）中所占的比例。

　　2023年考研英语（二）真题答案

　　Section I Use of English (10 points)

　　1.B2.C 3.A 4.D 5.D 6.D 7.A 8.B 9.B 10.C

　　11.C 12.D 13.C 14.A 15.A 16.B 17.D 18.B 19.C 20.A

　　Section II Reading Comprehension (60 points)

　　Part A (40 points)

　　Text 1 21.A 22.B 23.B 24.C 25.D

　　Text 2 26.D 27.A 28.C 29.B 30.D

　　Text 3 31.C 32.D 33.A 34.A 35.B

　　Text 4 36.A 37.C 38.D 39.B 40.A

　　Part B (10 points)

　　41.D42.F43.B44.A45.G

　　Part C (15points)

　　18世纪晚期，威廉·华兹华斯因其关于自然的诗而闻名。他是浪漫主义运动的创始人之一，该运动颂扬自然世界的奇迹。

　　诗歌是有力量的。它的能量和节奏可以吸引读者，把他们带到另一个世界，让他们以不同的方式看待事物。通过精心挑选的单词和短语，诗歌可以是戏剧性的、有趣的、感人的和鼓舞人心的。

　　没有人确切地知道诗歌是什么时候开始的，但它已经存在了数千年，甚至在人们会写字之前。这是一种讲述故事和传承历史的方式。它与歌曲密切相关，即使是写出来的，也通常是为了大声表演而创作的。诗歌被引用时才真正生动起来。这也有助于理解它们，因为单词的节奏和发音变得更加清晰。

　　Writing Part A(10 points)

　　【参考范文】

　　DearDavid,

　　How’severythinggoingrecently?Iamwritingthislettertomakeasuggestionthatyoushouldgototheartexhibitionandgivemyreasons.Thedetailedreasonsformysuggestioncanbegivenasfollows.

To begin with, the art exhibition, on the theme of Chinese culture, includes 2 parts, the introduction of Chinese culture and the exhibition of extraordinary art works. In addition to that, because it makes you have a deeper understanding and experience in the field of Chinese culture, you can learn about the historic meaning on Chinese culture. Therefore, it is of great significance for you to go to the art exhibition. 

　　Yourattentiontomysuggestionandreasonswouldbehighlyappreciated.Idohopethatyoucanfindmysuggestionhelpfulanduseful.

　　Yours,

　　LiMing

　　Writing Part B(15 points)

　　ThelinechartvividlydepictsthechangeinChineseresidents’healthliteracylevelfrom2012to2021.Healthliteracy,whichreferstopeople’sabilitytoaccessbasichealthcareinformationandservices,andtopromotetheirhearthconditionbasedonthem,seemstohaveahighercoveragethan10yearsage.Theproportionofthosewithadequatehealthliteracyamongallresidentsagingfrom15to69haskeptgrowingstablyinthelastdecade.In2012,thenumberwas8.8%,butwhenitcomesto2021,itreached25.4%,whichisagoodnewsforallresidents.

There are several factors contributing the increasing health literacy level. First and foremost, the advance of technology ensures easier access to information for all residents. One decade age, sending for a doctor appeared to be the only approach to gathering healthcare information, which was trustful, but took time and efforts. Now with the Internet pouring tons of information to our mobile phone every second, one can have a general idea about his or her own physical condition merely through several clicks of online search. Secondly, Chinese residents are now taking a more scientific approach to healthcare. The practice of resorting to some elixirs sounds passe, and people are now increasingly aware of the significance of medical science. In other words, we are wiser. To summarize, the rise in health literacy level seems to be an irreversible trend. With the advance of technology and efforts by the government, it is predictable that all residents, whether in urban or rural areas, will enjoy a healthier life in the future. 

　　持续更新中~敬请期待

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