在考研英语科目中,考生在备考中可能会遇到各种各样的问题。在作文方面考生可能不知道该如何准备考作文、搭建结构、总结概述等;翻译方面不知如何分析句子、理解段落等;在对英语整体的复习上,不知道如何掌握重点、积累词汇、培养综合能力等。针对这些问题,小编为大家带来了“2024考研英语翻译“比较结构”方法”,希望能为大家备考提供一些参考,克服英语备考难题。
2024考研英语翻译“比较结构”方法
一、表示两类事物一样时,有以下结构:
1. as... as...:和……一样……
2. as much / many…as…:和……一样多的……
3. no less...than ...(=not any less...than...):和……一样都……
4. no more...than ...(=not any more...than...):和……一样不……
二、表示两类事物不同时,有以下结构:
1. more …than...:比……多,比……更加;与其说是(后者),不如说是(前者)
2. less …than...(=not so much...as...):比……少;与其说是(前者),不如说是(后者)
3. not so... as...:是(后者),不是(前者)
比较结构在考研中的应用比较灵活,如果仅仅是对比较结构的短语死记硬背,那么在考试时遇到句子还是不能理解。因此,对比较结构的分析显得尤为重要。接下来将以真题句子为例,给大家演示比较结构句子如何分析,如何理解。
例1:But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business. (2006年第49题)
【分析】
A. 句子拆分:But his primary task is not // to think about the moral code//, which governs his activity, //any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.
本句的主语为his primary task,is not是系动词,to think about the moral code是表语,which governs his activity定语从句,修饰the moral code;any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business是比较状语从句。
B. 词义确定:moral code道德准则;dedicate to致力于,献身于;exploration探究,探讨
C. 参考译文:但是,他的首要任务并不是考虑支配自己行为的道德准则,就如同我们不能指望商人专注于探讨行业规范一样。
D. 技巧点拨:本题考查的是no more than 的变体not…any more than,这两个结构都是表示两个事物之间的类比关系,由上下文可判断这里类比的对象是his primary task和businessman。该结构表示两者都否定。因此,主句需要否定,译为“他的主要任务不是……”,而且从句里谓语is expected是肯定形式,但翻译时一定要译成否定“不能指望”。
例2:Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tool. [1994年第71题]
【分析】
A. 句子拆分:Science moves forward, they say, not so much // through the insights of great men of genius // as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tool.
句中they say为插入语;Science是句子的主语,moves forward为谓语, not so much…as…是比较结构;其中,through the insights of great men of genius和because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tool为被比较对象。
B. 词义确定:move forward前进,发展;insight洞察力,深刻见解;genius天才
C. 参考译文:他们说,科学的发展与其说源于天才伟人的真知灼见,不如说源于改进了的技术和工具等更为普通的东西。
D. 技巧点拨:本题考查的是not so much A as B 这一比较句型。比较的对象是两个介词短语:through the insights of great men of genius 和because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tool,是对science moves forward(科学发展)这个事情的两种途径进行比较,即同一事物的两个方面进行比较,所以此比较结构译为“与其说……不如说……”。
以上是新东方考研小编为大家整理的“2024考研英语翻译“比较结构”方法”的相关内容,希望为大家准备考研英语科目提供一些参考和帮助。更多考研英语信息,敬请关注新东方考研频道。