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　　Text 2

　　With the global population predicted to hit close to 10 billion by 2050, and forecasts thatagricultural production in some regions will need to nearly double to keep pace, food security isincreasingly making headlines. In the UK, it has become a big talking point recently too, for arather particular reason: Brexit.

　　Brexit is seen by some as an opportunity to reverse a recent trend towards the UK importingfood. The country produces only about 60 per cent of the food it eats, down from almostthree-quarters in the late 1980s. A move back to self-sufficiency, the argument goes, would boost the farming industry, political sovereignty and even the nations health. Sounds great- but howfeasible is this vision?

　　According to a report on UK food production from the University of Leeds, UK, 85 percentof the country's total land area is associated with meat and dairy production. That supplies 80 percent of what is consumed, so even covering the whole country in livestock farms wouldn’t allowus to cover all our meat and dairy needs.

　　There are many caveats to those figures, but they are still grave. To become much moreself-sufficient, the UK would need to drastically reduce its consumption of animal foods, andprobably also farm more intensively meaning fewer green fields and more factory-styleproduction.

　　But switching to a mainly plant-based diet wouldn’t help. There is a good reason why the UKis dominated by animal husbandry: most of its terrain doesn’t have the right soil or climate to grow crops on commercial basis. Just 25 per cent of the country’s land is suitable forcrop-growing, most of which is already occupied by arable fields. Even if we converted all thesuitable land to fields of fruit and veg--- which would involve taking out all the nature reserves and removing thousands of people from their homes—we would achieve only a 30 percent boost in crop production.

　　Just 23 per cent of the fruit and vegetables consumed in the UK are currently home-grown, soeven with the most extreme measures we could meet only 30 per cent of our fresh produce needs.That is before we look for the space to grow the grains, sugars, seeds and oils that provide us withthe vast bulk of our current calorie intake.

　　26. Some people argue that food self-sufficiency in the UK would____.

　　[A]be hindered by its population growth

　　[B]contribute to the nations well-being

　　[C]become a priority of the government

　　[D]post a challenge to its farming industry

　　27. The report by the University of Leeds showed that in the UK

　　[A] farmland has been inefficiently utilised

　　[B] factory style production needs reforming

　　[C] most land is used for meat and dairy production

　　[D] more green fields will be converted for farming

　　28. Crop-growing in the UK is restricted due to ____.

　　[A] its farming technology

　　[B] its dietary tradition

　　[C] its natural conditions

　　[D] its commercial interests

　　29. It can be learned from the last paragraph that British people____.

　　[A] rely largely on imports for fresh produce

　　[B] enjoy a steady rise in fruit consumption

　　[C] are seeking effective ways to cut calorie intake

　　D] are trying to grow new varieties of grains

　　30. The author's attitude to food self-efficiency in the UK is ____.

　　[A] defensive

　　[B] doubtful

　　[C] tolerant

　　[D] optimistic

　　【正确答案】BCCAB

　　【解析】

　　26. 本题的题干为Some people argue that food self-sufficiency in the UK would，意思是“一些人认为，英国粮食自给自足会…”，由此可以看出，本题属于观点细节题，考察的是特定人群“一些人”对于英国粮食自给自足的看法。定位到第二段第三句：A move back to self-sufficiency, the argument goes, would boost the farming industry, political sovereignty and even the nations health.意思是“有观点认为，重回(粮食)自给自足会提高农业生产、稳固政治主权、甚至促进国民健康。”可以看出，自给自足带能够带来积极影响，所以对的全国都是有好处的。比对4个选项，发现B选项。答案中的nation’s well-being就正好是这个意思，属于同义改写。

　　27. 本题的题干为The report by the University of Leeds showed that in the UK，意思是“利兹大学的报告表明，在英国…”，为事实细节题。定位到第三段第一句：According to a report on UK food production from the University of Leeds, UK, 85 percentof the country's total land area is associated with meat and dairy production.意思是“根据英国利兹大学发布的英国粮食生产报告，英国85%的陆地面积与肉类和乳制品生产有关。”说明英国大部分土地用于生产肉类和乳制品，因此答案选C，most land is used for meat and dairy production，大部分土地用于肉类和乳制品。

　　28. 本题的题干为Crop-growing in the UK is restricted due to，意思是“英国的农作物种植受到限制是由于…”，因果细节题，考察的是原因。定位到第五段第二句：There is a good reason why the UKis dominated by animal husbandry: most of its terrain doesn’t have the right soil or climate to grow crops on commercial basis.意思是“英国以畜牧业为主的主要原因是：英国大部分地区没有肥沃的土壤和适宜的气候可供种植商业化的农作物。”可以看出，英国不能规模化种植农作有两个原因：土壤和气候，均属于自然环境，因此答案选C，its natural conditions，英国本身的自然条件。

　　29. 本题的题干为It can be learned from the last paragraph that British people，意思是“通过最后一段可知，英国人…”，为事实细节题。定位到最后一段：Just 23 per cent of the fruit and vegetables consumed in the UK are currently home-grown, soeven with the most extreme measures we could meet only 30 per cent of our fresh produce needs.本句大意是“英国所消费的水果和蔬菜中，仅有23%是自产，所以即便是采取一些极端手段，我们也仅仅能满足30%的生鲜产品需求。”通过两个数据可知，英国自产比重低，不能满足人们的需求，英国仍然需要进口生鲜产品，因此答案选A，rely largely on imports for fresh produce，大量依赖进口生鲜产品。

　　30. 本题的题干为The author's attitude to food self-efficiency in the UK is，意思是“作者对于英国粮食自给自足的态度是…”，为态度题。作者在第二段提出Sounds great- but howfeasible is this vision?“听上去很好——但是这一愿景的可行性如何?”，第三段指出土地用途大部分用于肉类奶制品，第五段指出英国气候土壤不适合种植农作物，最后一段指出本国生鲜产品占比低，均可说明作者对英国粮食自给自足呈怀疑态度，读懂任意一段均可作出选择，因此答案选择B，doubtful，怀疑的。

　　Text 3

　　When Microsoft bought task management app Wunerlist and mobile calendar Sunrise in 2015, it picked up two newcomers that were attracting considerable buzz in Silicon Valley. Microsoft’ s own Office dominates the market for “ productivity” software, but the start-ups represented a new wave of technology designed from the ground up for the smartphone world.

　　Both apps, however, were later scrapped, after Microsoft said it had used their best features in its own products. Their teams of engineers stayed on, making them two of the many “acqui-hires” that the biggest companies have used to feed their insatiable hunger for tech talent.

　　To Microsoft’s critics, the fates of Wunderlist and Sunrise are examples of a remorseless drive by Big Tech to chew up any innovative companies that lie in their path. “ They bought the seedlings and closed them down,” complained Paul Arnold, a partner at San Francisco-based Switch Ventures, putting paid to businesses that might one day turn into competitors. Microsoft declined to comment.

　　Like other start-up investors, Mr Arnold’s own business often depends on selling start-ups to larger tech companies, though he admits to mixed feelings about the result: “ I think these things are good for me, if I put my selfish hat on. But are they good for the American economy? I don’t know.”

　　The US Federal Trade Commission says it wants to find the answer to that question. This week, it asked the five most valuable US tech companies for information about their many small acquisitions over the past decade. Although only a research project at this stage, the request has raised the prospect of regulators wading into early-stage tech markets that until now have been beyond their reach.

　　Given their combined market value of more than $5.5tm, rifling through such small deals---many of them much less prominent than Wunderlist and Sunrise---might seem beside the point. Between them, the five companies(Apple, Microsoft, Google, Amazon and Facebook) have spent an average of only $3.4bn a year on sub-$1bn acquisitions over the past five years---a drop in the ocean compared with their massive financial reserves, and the more than $130bn of venturecapital that was invested in the US last year.

　　However, critics say that the big companies use such deals to buy their most threatening potential competitors before their businesses have a chance to gain momentum, in some cases as part of a “buy and kill” tactic to simply close them down.

　　31. What is true about Wuderlist and Sunrise after their acquisitions?

　　A. Their market values declined.

　　B. Their tech features improved.

　　C. Their engineers were retained.

　　D. Their products were re-priced.

　　32. Microsoft’s critics believe that the big tech companies tend to___

　　A. ignore public options

　　B. treat new tech talent unfairly

　　C. exaggerate their product quality

　　D. eliminate their potential competitors

　　33. Paul Arnold is concerned that small acquisitions might___

　　A. harm the national economy

　　B. worsen market competition

　　C. discourage start-up investors

　　D. weaken big tech companies

　　34. The US Federal Trade Commission intend to___

　　A. examine small acquisitions

　　B. limit Big Tech’s expansion

　　C. supervise start-ups operations

　　D. encourage research collaboration

　　35. For the five biggest tech companies, their small acquisition have ___

　　A. brought little financial pressure

　　B. raised few management challenges

　　C. set an example for future deals

　　D. generate considerable profits

　　【正确答案】CDAAA

　　【解析】

　　31. 本题的题干为What is true about Wuderlist and Sunrise after their acquisitions?，意思是“下面关于收购后的Wuderlist和Sunrise哪个说法正确?”为事实细节题。根据关键词定位到第一段第一句：When Microsoft bought task management app Wunerlist and mobile calendar Sunrise in 2015, it picked up two newcomers that were attracting considerable buzz in Silicon Valley.意思是“当微软在2015年收购任务管理应用Wunerlist和移动日历应用Sunrise时，它获得了两个在硅谷引起巨大轰动的新成员。”第一句讲收购，属于背景信息，比对答案没有可选项，因此继续定位到第二段第二局：Their teams of engineers stayed on, making them two of the many “acqui-hires” that the biggest companies have used to feed their insatiable hunger for tech talent.意思是“他们的工程师团队保留下来，使他们成为众多“收购者”中的两个，而这些“收购者”是大公司用来满足他们对科技人才永不满足的渴望的。”由此可知，答案选C，Their engineers were retained，他们的工程师被保留下来。

　　32. 本题的题干为Microsoft’s critics believe that the big tech companies tend to，意思是“微软的批评者认为大型科技公司倾向于…”，属于观点细节题。定位答案句第三段第一句：To Microsoft’s critics, the fates of Wunderlist and Sunrise are examples of a remorseless drive by Big Tech to chew up any innovative companies that lie in their path.意思是“对于微软的批评者来说，Wunderlist和Sunrise的命运就是一个例子，说明了大型科技公司无情地试图吞并任何在其发展道路上的创新型公司。”由此可知，大型技术公司吞并其他创新型公司成为趋势，因此答案选D，eliminate their potential competitors，消除其潜在的竞争者。

　　33. 本题的题干为Paul Arnold is concerned that small acquisitions might，意思是“Paul Arnold担心小规模收购可能…”，事实细节题。定位到第四段：“I think these things are good for me, if I put my selfish hat on. But are they good for the American economy? I don’t know.”意思是“如果我自私一点的话，我觉得这些东西对我有好处。但它们对美国经济有好处吗?我不知道。”由此可知，Paul Arnold对小规模收购能否促进美国经济是怀疑态度，因此答案选A，harm the national economy，危害国家经济。

　　34. 本题的题干为The US Federal Trade Commission intend to，意思是“美国的联邦贸易委员会打算…”，事实细节题。定位到第五段第一句和第二句：The US Federal Trade Commission says it wants to find the answer to that question. This week, it asked the five most valuable US tech companies for information about their many small acquisitions over the past decade. 意思是“美国联邦贸易委员会表示，他们希望找到这个问题的答案。本周，委员会向五家最有价值的美国科技公司询问了它们过去10年中许多小型收购的信息。”说明联邦委员会询问信息，目的是检查小规模收购，因此答案选A，examine small acquisitions，检查小规模收购。

　　35.本题的题干为For the five biggest tech companies, their small acquisition have，意思是“对于五大科技公司而言，小规模收购已经…”，为事实细节题。定位到第六段第二句：Between them, the five companies(Apple, Microsoft, Google, Amazon and Facebook) have spent an average of only $3.4bn a year on sub-$1bn acquisitions over the past five years---a drop in the ocean compared with their massive financial reserves, and the more than $130bn of venture capital that was invested in the US last year. 意思是“这五家公司(苹果、微软、谷歌、亚马逊和Facebook)在过去五年中平均每年仅花费34亿美元进行10亿美元以下的收购，与它们庞大的财务储备以及去年在美国投资的1300多亿美元风险资本相比，这只是沧海一粟。”这些数字表明收购金额于五大科技巨头来说，根本无足轻重，因此答案选A，brought little financial pressure，几乎没有金融压力。

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