2015年9月18日，2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语考试大纲终于出炉。通过与《2015年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语考试大纲》对比，发现无论是英语(一)还是英语(二)，2016年考研英语大纲传统阅读部分内容均没有实质性变化。考生可以按照原有的复习思路进行系统、深度地复习，这体现了英语试题趋于稳定性的规律。
英语二考研大纲阅读模块中，“根据阅读材料，考生应能：(1)理解主旨要义”。这就考生能够通读全文，理解文章大意。对于这类题型，我们小编教师在课堂教学中称之为“主题题”。它往往出现在每篇文章的最后一题。它的表现形式往往如下所示：
What is the main idea/subject ofthis passage?
This passage is mainly/primarilyconcerned with__
The main theme/point of the passageis_____
Which of the following is the best title
for the passage?
Which of the following best describes
that passage as a whole?
In this passage the author mainly argues
that__
What does that author intend to convey throughthe passage?
The central idea conveyed in theabove passage is that_______。
对于“主题题”，小编告诉你们一个诀窍，那就是找“高频词”或者“高频句”。只要选项中的重点词在原文中出现多次，那它很可能就是答案。不多说了，真题为例。
【2013年考研英语阅读真题】
Text 1
Inan essay entitled “Making It in America,” the author AdamDavidson relates a joke from cotton country about just how much a moderntextile mill has been automated: The average mill has only two employees today,
“a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog, andthe dog is there to keep the man away from the machines。”
Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces that haverecently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly highunemployment and declining middle-class incomes today is largely because of thebig drop in demand because of the Great Recession, but it is alsobecause of the advances in both globalization and the information technology
revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines orforeign workers。
Inthe past, workers with average skills, doing an average job, could earn anaverage lifestyle. But, today, average is officially over. Beingaverage just won’t earn you what it used to. It can’t when so many more employers have so much moreaccess to so much more above average cheap foreign labor, cheap robotics, cheapsoftware, cheap automation and cheap genius. Therefore, everyone needs to findtheir extra—theirunique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their fieldof employment。
Yes,new technology has been eating jobs forever, and always will. But there’s been an acceleration. As Davidson notes, “In the 10 years ending in 2009,U.S. factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains ofthe previous 70 years; roughly one out of every three manufacturing jobs—about 6 million in total—disappeared。”
Therewill always be change—new jobs, new products, new services. But the one thing we know forsure is that with each advance in globalization and the I.T. revolution, thebest jobs will require workers to have more and better education to makethemselves above average。
Ina world where average is officially over, there are many thingswe need to do to buttress employment, but nothing would be more important thanpassing some kind of G.I. Bill for the 21st century that ensures that everyAmerican has access to post-high school education。
25. Which of the following would be the mostappropriate title for the text?
A.Technology Goes Cheap. B.New Law Takes Effect。
C.Recession Is Bad. D.Average Is Over。
从文中，我们不难找出，选项A中的关键词Technology出现一次(黑体字)；选项B中的关键词New Law和Effect没有出现；选项C中的关键词Recession 出现一次(斜体字)；而选项D中的关键词Average Is Over出现两次(黑体加下划线)，并且还是原句出现。因此，我们可以判定，文章就是围绕Average Is Over这个话题展开的。因此，答案选D。
Text 2
Acentury ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic included settlers andsojourners. Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in theUnited States came those who had no intention to stay, and who would make somemoney and then go home. Between 1908 and 1915, about 7 million people arrivedwhile about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, forexample, eventually returned to Italy for good. They even had an affectionatenickname, “uccellidi passaggio,” birds of passage。
Today,we are much more rigid about immigrants. We divide newcomers into twocategories: legal or illegal, good or bad. We hail them asAmericans in the making, or brand them as aliens to be kicked out. Thatframework has contributed mightily to our broken immigration system and thelong political paralysis over how to fix it. We don’t need more categories, but we need to change theway we think about categories. We need to look beyond strict definitions of legaland illegal. To start, we can recognize the new birds of passage, those
living and thriving in the gray areas. We might then begin to solve ourimmigration challenges。
Croppickers, violinists, construction workers, entrepreneurs, engineers, homehealth-care aides and physicists are among today’s birds of passage. They are energetic participantsin a global economy driven by the flow of work, money and ideas. They prefer to
come and go as opportunity calls them. They can manage to have a job inone place and a family in another。
Withor without
permission, they straddle laws, jurisdictions and identities with ease.We need them to imagine the United States as a place where they can beproductive for a while without committing themselves to staying forever. Weneed them to feel that home can be both here and there and that they can belongto two nations honorably。
Accommodatingthis new world of people in motion will require new attitudes on both sides ofthe immigration battle. Looking beyond the culture war logic of right or wrongmeans opening up the middle ground and understanding that managing immigrationtoday requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes, including some that arenot easy to accomplish legally in the existing system。
30. The most appropriate title for this text wouldbe 。
A. Come andGo: Big Mistake B. Living and Thriving:Great Risk
C. Legal orIllegal: Big Mistake D. With or Without: Great Risk
从文中，我们不难找出，选项A中的关键词Come and Go出现一次(黑体字)；选项B中的关键词. Living and Thriving出现一次(黑体)；选项C中的关键词 Legal or Illegal出现三次(黑体加下划线)，并且还原句出现两次；选项D中的关键词With or Without出现一次(黑体)。因此，我们可以判定，文章就是围绕
Legal or Illegal这个话题展开的。因此，答案选C。
主题题的解题关键是在于通读全文后，对文章整体的把握。答题关键在于找主题词和高频词。希望还在考研路上奋斗的你，读透真题，学会方法，做到事半功倍。
(责任编辑：张婵)
