2016考研英语阅读暑期训练：哲学类（10）
Browse through the racks of dresses， skirts， and tops in almost any trendy clothing store in Argentina， and whether your find something that fits depends on your size， but shops carry few—if any – options for curvaceous women. When you go into a store and find an extra large， you know that it is really start to think that everybody is like this， and that you are big. But that‘s not true.
In this beauty-conscious nation， which has the world‘s second-highest rate of anorexia， many are particularly blaming the country’s clothing industry for offering only tiny sizes of the latest fashions. The result is a dangerous paradox of girls and women adapting to the clothes rather than clothes adapting to them. The Argentitine legislature is considering whether to force clothing manufacturers to cover “all the anthropometric measurements of the Argentine woman” up to extra large size， the bill also addresses the related problem of so-called “tricky” labeling in which S，M， and L designations vary by brand and are smaller than international standards.
The proposal has raised eyebrows in a historically flirtatious society skeptical of government and well known for its obsession with beauty. “Argentina has the worlds‘ highest rates of aesthetic surgery，” says Mabel Bello， founder of the Association for the Fight Against Anorexia. “When you are talking about how preoccupied with beauty our society is， that is the most telling statistic.”
For experts such statistics spell futility for legal remedies. “These types of laws are not going to cause lasting changes，” says Susana Saulquin， a sociologist of fashion. “ A better way to address the problem is through public education that emphasizes balanced eating habits over an unrealistic ideal of customers， but over time， she believes， amore balanced view of beauty will emerge”
For their part， industry groups condeme the bill as overreaching state intervening. They say their business decisions are guided by consumer demand. “We are not in favor of anything that regulates the market，” says Laura Codda， a representative of major clothing manufacturers. “Every clothing company has the right to make anything it can sell—any color， any sizes.” She says her group is not opposed to measures that would standardize sizing， but she notes that many， if not most， clothes in Argentine stores already carry the numerical designations called for in the bill.
If history is a guide， the fate of the proposed law is somewhat bleak. However， in 2005， the provincial government of Buenos Aires managed to pass a similar law—although the government failed to sign it.
1. What kind of women of “curvaceous women”(Para.1) most probably refer to?
[A] well-proportioned and full-figured.
[B] beautiful and charming.
[C] slender and tall.
[D] full-grown and healthy.
2. “Aesthetic surgery” is mentioned to show that
[A] every woman has her rights to pursue beauty.
[B] aesthetic surgery is terribly popular.
[C] the unrealistic pursuit of beatuty is popular.
[D] aesthetic surgery is just a tricky trap.
3. According to the text， Susana Saulquin
[A] disbelieves the statistics of aesthetic surgery.
[B] thinks the proposed law will work over time.
[C] regard the legal remedies as inadvisable.
[D]has developed good and balanced eating habits.
4. In the author‘s opinion， this kind of bill
[A] has cleared the legislature.
[B] still has a faint light of hope.
[C] is actually not necessary.
[D]is none of government‘s business.
5. The best title for this text may be
[A] Women Adapting to Cloths or Vice Versa.
[B] Who is the Arbiter， Manufactures of Customers.
[C] How to Standardize Clothea Sizing.
[D]why So Few Large Size Clothes.
答案与解析
1. A 词义题。本题的问题是“‘curvaceous women’(第一段)最可能指的是哪种女性?”第一段首先提到了该短语，随后指出，如果你找到一件特大号衣服，那实际上只是美国标准的中号、小号服装，接着解释说，你会觉得沮丧，因为你认为，任何人都苗条，而你自己则肥胖。根据文中的“big”可知，该短语可能指的是“体型丰满的女性”。[A]“身材匀称、丰满的”是对此意的改写，为正确答案。[B]“美丽、迷人的”和[D]“成熟、健康的”明显是误解了该短语的意思;[C]“苗条、高挑的”与文意相反。
2. C 结构题。本题的问题是“提到‘美容手术’是为了表示 ”。题干中的“Aestheticsurgery”出自文章第三段第二句话中，表明本题与第三段有关。第二段提到了阿根廷人患厌食症的问题，第三段接着提到，阿根廷做美容手术的比例是世界上最高的，人们在谈论社会是如何迷恋美貌时，这就是最有说服力的统计数据，第四段引用专家的话说，解决这个问题的更好办法就是通过公众教育，强调均衡的饮食习惯，而不是追求不切实际的美貌理想。这说明，提到该短语是为了说明许多人都盲目追求美。[C]“对美貌的不切实际追求很流行”是对此意的改写，为正确答案。本文并没有说女性不能追求美，只是说人们太重视美貌，所以[A]“任何女性都有追求美的权利”与文意不符;[B]“美容手术非常流行”是用来说明阿根廷人对美貌的重视程度的例子，并不是提到该例子的目的，所以B不对;[D]“美容手术只是一个狡猾的陷阱”属于无中生有。
3. C 本题的问题是“根据本文，苏珊娜。索尔琴 ”。题干中的“Susana Saulquin”出自文章第四段第二句话中，表明本题与第四段有关。第二、三段提到了立法机构的设想，第四段首先指出，对于专家来说，这样的统计数据意味着，采取立法措施没有用，随后提到了苏珊娜。索尔琴的观点：这些法律将不会导致永久变化。这说明，她认为，采取立法措施没有用处。[C]“认为立法措施不可取”是对其观点的概括，为正确答案。[A]“不相信美容手术的统计数据”是曲解了该段第一句话的意思;[B]“认为，随着时间的推移，被提议的法律会起作用”是针对该段第二句话和最后一句话设置的干扰项，与文意不符;[D]“已经养成了良好的、均衡的饮食习惯”是对该段第三句话设置的干扰项，明显与文意不符。
4. B 细节题。本题的问题是“根据作者的观点，这种法案——”。前面的段落分析了立法机关提出的法案，最后一段首先提到，这个被提议的法案的前景有点黯淡，随后转折指出，在2005年，布宜诺斯艾利斯省政府设法通过了一项类似的法案。这说明，作者认为该法案还有希望。[B]“还有一线希望”是对作者，观点的恰当概括，为正确答案。[A] “已经获得了立法机构的支持”明显与第二段第三句话和最后一段第一句话的意思不符;作者并没有讨论该法案是否必要的问题，所以[C]“事实上没有必要”不是作者的观点; [D]“不关政府的事”是服装集团公司的观点，不是作者的观点。
5. A 主旨题。本题的问题是“本文的最佳标题可能是——”。本文首先介绍了阿根廷时尚服装店的尺码问题，接着指出，许多人都在责备其服装行业只提供小号的最新时装，结果是出现了一种矛盾现象——女孩和女性适应服装，而不是服装适应她们;随后提到了准备采取的立法措施，介绍了社会各界对此的态度。这说明，本文主要讲的是服装的尺码适应人的问题。[A]“是女性适应服装，还是相反”是对本文内容的恰当概括，可以表达本文的主题，为正确答案。本文并没有谈论谁来仲裁尺码的问题，所以[B]“谁是仲裁者，是制造商还是顾客”不能表达本文的主题;本文讨论的是应该使尺码标准化，而不是如何标准化，所以[C]“如何使服装尺码标准化”不能表达本文的主题;大号服装少是本文引出主题时举的例子，并不是本文讨论的重点，所以[D]“为什么大号服装如此少”不能表达本文的主题。
(责任编辑：张婵)
